Packaging calls for universal design

Packaging professionals are reluctant to admit that packaging is not always completely user-friendly. Children's protective packaging is an obvious example of inconvenience to the elderly, but it is not the only example.

Due to the need for user convenience, packaging designers began to show interest in the famous "universal design" principle. American architect and designer Ron Mace first created this term in 1985. Mace defines the concept as “All product designs and environments can be used to the greatest extent possible for people without the need for adaptation or special design.” Because they exceed the needs and abilities of “average and healthy” adults, including older people. , children, and those with motor and sensory inconveniences, the universally designed product has won the greatest possibility of users.

Since Mace created this term, the sport has developed for 20 years and has received considerable recognition. These concepts have been widely used in architecture, product design and website design, but still need to be widely used in the packaging field.

On the other hand, Japan's general design application in the packaging field goes faster. Since 1995, Toppan Printing Company, the world's second-largest printing company, has been committed to applying universal design concepts to the packaging field. The company has also developed standards that can be used to measure the versatility of packaging. If the packaging design does not comply with Toppan's universal design concept, the company even suggests that the brand owner change the packaging design.

"Our proposal is very broad and involves packaging graphics, shapes and structures," said Takayuki Imai, packaging technology manager at Toppan Printing. He saw the difference in packaging design methods between the United States and Japan. For example, he observed that Japanese packaging design is easy to open for anyone.

Toppan is not the only Japanese company that adopts universal design guidelines. The Trends List of the Japan Packaging Society shows that Universal Design Movement is an important trend in packaging. This idea has been standardized in the “Guidelines for Packaging for the Aged and the Disabled (JIS00210200)”. The standard emphasizes that the package should be conspicuous and handy, portable and easy to open.

Universal design Universal design in the United States and the United States has just begun to apply to packaging. In the past 12 months, Procter & Gamble organized various discipline teams to apply these guidelines to laundry products. Paul France chief engineer Paul France explained why universal design is a concept adopted by his company.

"This starts with our company's dream of 'approaching life and improving our lives.' To realize the company's dream, we must work hard to design all products based on common design criteria to suit all ages and capabilities."

Procter & Gamble's video clearly shows why universal design meets the company's strategic vision. The video includes these statements: “Everyone of us,” “Every day we improve our lives,” “Who do you live with today?” and “How will you improve your life?” It's obvious that the emphasis on the scope of the Universal Design Center includes: Consistent with Procter & Gamble's philosophy. P & G knows that its packaging has positive effects on the meaning and opportunities that affect people's lives.

John Bitner, a registered packaging professional and president of one of the packaging industry consultancies, explains why companies like P&G are beginning to consider including more scope. "In the last century, the average American life expectancy increased by 30," Bitner said. “We live longer and healthier. The inconvenience caused by old age and the loss of skills are inevitable. The market is constantly changing. In the next 20 years, we will reach 50 years of age at the rate of 10,000 people per day. The 55-70-year-old has surpassed for the first time in history. People between the ages of 18 and 34. The needs of the elderly are more.They do not want to write, do not want to shop.In the convenience test for the elderly, the elderly refuse to continue trying to open a new package.They just want to stop, do not want to fail. Old people will first The right to protect their independence."

Peter Clarke, president and founder of Product Ventures, learned through research how real the situation is. Duracell hired Clarke's company to redesign Duracell's hearing aid battery packs. The packaging used before the redesign is an industry standard. However, it is extremely difficult for some elderly people to remove the batteries from the packaging and install hearing aids. Therefore, they want to save battery consumption as much as possible, and only wear hearing aids on special occasions instead of using them every day.

"The difficulty of installing batteries into equipment has made people discouraged, so that users choose to wait for their sons, daughters, friends or service personnel to help replace the battery," Clarke said. "If you don't correct this, it will be a great disregard for the elderly in our society."

Therefore, the Duracell project team worked with Product Ventures' designers to solve the problem. First of all, they simulate the user's difficulties to better understand the target customers. They wear gloves and hands-on bottling tests to comprehend the needs of people over the age of 55.

"The study further strengthened our understanding of the current packaging platform (including Duracell and its competitors' packaging platforms) that did not meet the end-user needs," said Clarke. "By clearly understanding its limitations, we can design the right solution."

The solution is in the form of Duracell EasyTab. The package actually began to be used as a tool to fit the battery into the hearing aid, eliminating the possibility of the battery being "reverse" and providing the user with a holdable surface. According to Clarke, packaging “for the first time allows end-users to replace batteries on their own, effortlessly. Duracell can sell more batteries because it meets end users. More importantly, end users can wear live hearing aids at any time. ”

This design, while targeting older people, also makes new packaging suitable for all users of all ages and capabilities. One sure sign of its extreme success is that Duracell's competitors redesigned the packaging of similar products.

The redesign of the young people market for improved usability has also proven to be an effective business strategy for younger consumers. Bryce Rutter, CEO and founder of metaphase Design Group, has completed many of the packaging designs focused on the user, not targeting the market for people over the age of 55. He found that the design industry often ignored the ergonomic impact of packaging, and therefore founded the company's integrated scientific research and ergonomics to positively influence design. This integrated approach was a method used by metaphase in 1995 when they collaborated with Quaker Oats to redesign their 526 ml (20 ounce) bottles for Gatorade drinks.

The metaphase team conducts consumer research on athletes of various shapes at various sports events. Metaphase investigated how athletes stored, carried, consumed, and perceived beverages. After analyzing user needs, the result created Gatorade.

EDGE (a ergonomic design that gives him experience)

EDGE is a 526 ml (20 ounce) bottle that focuses on the "hand grip area." The designed grip area is suitable for the 5th to 95th percentile hand shape. The mouth size is based on an anthropometric study designed to open with the lips. The study found that 526 ml (20 ounces) did not meet the athlete's specifications, so the specifications were increased. Through a wide range of orientation for athletes and a true understanding of their needs and aspirations, metaphase and giving him increased design practicality. Consumers responded well and sales increased by 25%.

Sherwin Williams' redesign of his Dutch Boy paint can is a real case. Jim MacDonald, packaging engineer at Sherwin Williams, explained why the company thought it necessary to redesign its traditional metal paint cans. “Ten years ago, 44% of the paint was purchased by women, and today it is 66%. Women are purchasers or potent influencers and decorators of 85% of the paint, so Twist & Pour (tumble-out) pots are open to women Although men find this feature extremely convenient."

This resulted in Dutch Boy painting abandoning traditional packaging containers and using plastic blown square containers with handles, pour spouts, and unscrewing lids. Not only does the design attract a wider range of users, it does not require tools to open or reclose the package. MacDonald said that he heard the most reaction from consumers about Twist & Pour: "Do you not introduce this kind of packaging earlier?"

Profits are derived from a design that is rich in applicability. When a company designs packaging, it considers packaging users and benefits. All the packaging listed here not only brings economic benefits to the company, but also won the reputation of the Industrial Award.

Under the current trend, considering the extremely universal design of all users, it may continue to receive economic benefits and rewards. In addition to the market maturity, more and more people live in inconvenient lives. It is estimated that 8.6 million people over 6 years of age have one or more inconveniences in their daily lives, and that in the United States, 4.1 million people need help from others. The 2000 census showed that there are 4.97 million people in the United States with some kind of long-term problems or inconvenience. These people represent 19.3% of the population of 257,200,000 non-hospital residents aged 5 years and above, or nearly one in five. If today's packaging design does not consider these people, it may lose sales opportunities.

Designing "the widest range of users" by creating user-friendly designs is an effective business strategy. The ease of use is what consumers are willing to pay and the company is focusing on.

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